Treatment for Arthritis
If you’ve been diagnosed with arthritis, you might be wondering, “What now?” The good news is—there are many ways to treat arthritis. You and your doctor can work together to find the approach that’s right for you. Some people do well with medication, others with physical therapy or gentle exercise, and some may need a combination of treatments. There’s no one-size-fits-all plan—and that’s okay.
This article will walk you through the common treatment options for arthritis and help you feel more confident talking to your doctor about what comes next.
Your doctor will build a treatment plan that’s right for your type of arthritis, how severe it is, and how it affects your daily life. Most people benefit from a mix of medication, movement, self-care, and sometimes procedures or surgery.
Starting With Medicine
Medicine is often the first line of treatment. There are different types, depending on whether you have osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis.
Pain Relievers
These medicines help ease discomfort, but they don’t reduce swelling in the joints.
Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is often used for mild pain.
It’s gentle on the stomach and safe for most people when taken as directed.
Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs (NSAIDs)
These reduce both pain and inflammation (swelling).
Over-the-counter examples include ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) and naproxen (Aleve).
Prescription-strength NSAIDs are also available if you need something stronger.
Long-term use may cause stomach or kidney issues, so your doctor will guide you on safe use.
Corticosteroids
These strong anti-inflammatory drugs can help when pain flares up.
Examples include prednisone (oral) or corticosteroid injections directly into the joint.
They provide fast relief, but doctors use them with caution because of side effects like bone thinning or high blood sugar.
Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs (DMARDs)
For rheumatoid arthritis, DMARDs help slow the disease—not just ease symptoms.
Common DMARDs include methotrexate, hydroxychloroquine (Plaquenil), and sulfasalazine.
These medicines take time to work, but they help prevent joint damage over the long term.
Biologic Drugs
These are newer treatments for autoimmune arthritis like RA.
Examples include etanercept (Enbrel) and adalimumab (Humira).
They target the immune system more precisely and are often used when regular DMARDs aren’t enough.
These drugs are often given as injections and require regular check-ins with your doctor.
It’s important to take medications exactly as prescribed and to keep up with lab tests or check-ins your doctor recommends. They’ll help make sure the treatment is working and not causing side effects.
Moving With Arthritis
It may seem counterintuitive, but gentle movement can actually help your joints feel better. When you move, you strengthen the muscles around the joint, improve flexibility, and reduce stiffness.
Great activities for people with arthritis include:
Walking: Start slow and steady; even short daily walks help.
Water Aerobics: The water cushions your joints and makes movement easier.
Chair Yoga or Stretching: Improves balance, flexibility, and joint comfort.
Physical Therapy: A physical therapist can show you safe exercises tailored to your needs.
If you’re unsure where to start, ask your doctor for a referral to a physical therapist or a senior-friendly movement class.
Physical and Occupational Therapy
A physical therapist can show you exercises that build strength and flexibility, helping your joints move more easily. If bending or walking is difficult, they may also teach you how to use a cane or walker safely.
An occupational therapist can help with hand and arm function and suggest tools or gadgets that make dressing, cooking, or cleaning easier on your joints.
Joint Injections to Treat Arthritis
If medicine and exercise aren’t giving you enough relief, your doctor might suggest joint injections.
Corticosteroid injections reduce inflammation directly in the joint. They work fast but may wear off over time.
Hyaluronic acid injections are sometimes used for knee osteoarthritis. This substance mimics the joint’s natural lubricant.
These injections are often done right in the doctor’s office. Some people get relief for several months at a time.
Assistive Devices and Supports
Simple tools can make everyday life easier:
Canes or walkers take pressure off sore joints when walking.
Braces or wraps provide joint stability.
Gripping tools help with opening jars or turning doorknobs.
These supports can help you stay independent and reduce the risk of falls or injury.
When is surgery considered for arthritis?
For some people, arthritis can cause severe joint damage that makes daily life painful and difficult. If treatments no longer help and pain is constant, your doctor may talk to you about surgery.
Common surgical options include:
Joint replacement (hip, knee, or shoulder)
Joint fusion, often done in smaller joints like the wrists or ankles
Arthroscopic surgery, where a small camera is used to clean out damaged tissue
Surgery is usually the last resort—but for many people, it greatly improves mobility and quality of life.
A Word About Alternative Therapies
Some older adults try alternative approaches like acupuncture, massage, or supplements (like glucosamine). While some people find relief, these aren’t replacements for medical treatment.
Be sure to:
Let your doctor know about any supplements or therapies you’re using.
Ask whether it’s safe to combine them with your current treatment.
Stick with therapies that are backed by science and your care team.
Working With Your Doctor
Your doctor is your partner in managing arthritis. Here are a few tips to get the most out of your visits:
Write down your symptoms. What’s hurting and when? Do you have any other symptoms, such as a low-grade fever, rash, or not feeling well?
Keep a record. Bring a list of all your medications and supplements to your doctor’s appointments.
Ask questions. Don’t be afraid to speak up if something isn’t working.
Remember, you deserve care that fits your situation. Every person’s arthritis is different, and your treatment plan should reflect your needs, lifestyle, and goals.
You Have Arthritis Options—And Support
Living with arthritis doesn’t mean giving up the things you love. With the right treatment and some support, many older adults continue to garden, travel, walk, and enjoy time with family.
You’re not alone—and you’re not stuck. Talk with your doctor, explore your options, and take steps at your own pace.
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